Pycnogenol (French Maritime Pine Bark)
Commonly used for
Healthy AgingHeart HealthCirculation
Where to Buy
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The cheapest product is usually low quality, but more expensive doesn’t always mean better.
What is it? / Overview
Pycnogenol is rich in procyanidins that improve endothelial function and reduce oxidative stress. The strongest evidence supports improving symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency and reducing lower-leg swelling.
How is it used? / Administration
Form: Genuine Pycnogenol brand extract preferred over generic pine bark
Typical dose studied: 100–200 mg/day
Timing: With meals
Use genuine Pycnogenol brand rather than generic pine bark extracts.
How well does it work? / Evidence
~ Moderate evidence
Who should avoid it?
Avoid with: Organ transplant (on immunosuppression)
Interacts with: Anticoagulants; Antiplatelet medications; Diabetes medications — may lower blood glucose; Immunosuppressants — theoretical antagonism given immune-modulating effects
Already taking it? Assess symptom improvement after 8–12 weeks.
Research & references
Belcaro G et al. (2006). Chronic venous insufficiency management with Pycnogenol. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. Rohdewald P. (2002). Review of French maritime pine bark extract. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Schoonees A et al. (2020). Pycnogenol for chronic disorders systematic review. Phytotherapy Research.
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