CBD (Cannabidiol)
Commonly used for
SleepStressInflammationFocus
What is it? / Overview
CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system and several non-cannabinoid receptors (including serotonin 5-HT1A), proposed mechanisms behind the anxiolytic and sleep-supportive effects seen in clinical trials. Unlike THC, it is not intoxicating.
How is it used? / Administration
Form: Full-spectrum (contains <0.3% THC), broad-spectrum (THC-free), or CBD isolate oil/tincture -- third-party lab-tested (Certificate of Analysis) for cannabinoid content and contaminants
Typical dose studied: 25–75 mg/day typical wellness dose, split into 1-2 doses; clinical anxiety trials have used 300–600 mg under medical supervision
Timing: With a fat-containing meal to improve absorption
Quality varies enormously across an under-regulated market -- independent lab testing (a Certificate of Analysis matching the label's cannabinoid content, and screening for pesticides/heavy metals/solvents) is essential, more so than for almost any other entry in this guide. Hemp-derived CBD is federally legal to sell, but the FDA does not recognize it as a lawful dietary supplement ingredient -- a genuine regulatory gray area worth being aware of, separate from the question of whether it works.
How well does it work? / Evidence
~ Moderate evidence
Who should avoid it?
Avoid with: End-stage liver disease / Cirrhosis; NAFLD / MASLD — Fatty liver disease
Interacts with: Warfarin and other blood thinners -- CBD inhibits CYP450 liver enzymes and can raise blood levels of many drugs; Sedatives/benzodiazepines -- additive drowsiness
Already taking it? CBD is a meaningful CYP450 inhibitor -- it can raise or lower blood levels of many prescription medications, including blood thinners, seizure medications, and some statins. Flag regular use to a doctor or pharmacist. Quality varies enormously in an under-regulated market -- independent lab testing matters more here than for almost any other entry in this guide.
Research & references
Blessing EM et al. (2015). Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. Neurotherapeutics. Shannon S et al. (2019). Cannabidiol in Anxiety and Sleep: A Large Case Series. The Permanente Journal. Larsen C, Shahinas J. (2020). Dosage, Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol Administration in Adults: A Systematic Review of Human Trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine. Chesney E, McGuire P, Freeman TP. (2020). Lack of evidence for the effectiveness or safety of over-the-counter cannabidiol products. Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology.