Longevity & Mitochondrial Peptides
Glutathione (GSH)
Commonly used for
Antioxidant SupportImmune SupportInflammation
What is it?
Glutathione is the body's primary intracellular antioxidant, made from glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It helps neutralize reactive oxygen species, supports cellular redox balance, assists phase II detoxification pathways, and contributes to normal immune and mitochondrial function. It is available in oral, liposomal, injectable, and inhaled (nebulized) formulations.
Mechanism of action: Neutralizes free radicals; Regenerates vitamins C and E; Supports phase II detoxification; Maintains cellular redox balance; Supports mitochondrial function; Protects cells from oxidative stress
What do people use it for?
Proposed indications: Antioxidant support; Oxidative stress reduction; Liver support (select conditions); Exercise recovery; Healthy aging; Skin health; Immune support; Metabolic health
How is it used? / Dosing
Typical clinical dosing schedule: Oral: 250–1,000 mg/day. Liposomal: 250–500 mg/day. IV/IM dosing varies by indication and requires medical supervision — no standardized regimen.
Administration: Oral capsule, liposomal oral, sublingual, intramuscular injection, intravenous infusion, or nebulized — Daily (oral/liposomal); IV/IM frequency varies by protocol and provider
How does it compare?
Compare with:
How well does it work? / Evidence
~ Moderate evidence
Evidence rating: ⭐⭐⭐☆☆ — IV administration reliably raises glutathione levels and supports antioxidant defenses in some studied populations; benefits from oral/liposomal forms are less consistently demonstrated due to variable absorption.
Safety & side effects
Common side effects: Mild gastrointestinal upset, Bloating, Rash (rare), Allergic reaction (rare)
Serious risks: No major systemic safety concerns have been identified with standard oral or liposomal use; IV, intramuscular, and nebulized use should occur under medical supervision.
Legal & regulatory status
Legal status: Not FDA-approved as a drug. Oral, liposomal, and sublingual forms are sold over-the-counter as dietary supplements; intramuscular, intravenous, and nebulized forms are typically compounded and administered under a licensed provider's supervision — dosing for those routes is determined by your provider, not stated here.
Regulatory status: Naturally occurring compound • Dietary supplement (oral/liposomal/sublingual) • Not FDA-approved as a drug
Who should avoid it?
Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity to glutathione or formulation components; Use caution with inhaled/nebulized formulations in people with asthma